Sleep Apnoea & Sleep Disorders

Sleep apnoea is a serious sleep disorder where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. It leads to poor sleep quality, daytime fatigue, and can increase the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, and stroke if left untreated. Other sleep disorders include insomnia, restless leg syndrome, and circadian rhythm disturbances.

Common Causes

Obstruction of the airway due to relaxed throat muscles (Obstructive Sleep Apnoea – OSA)
Central nervous system dysfunction (Central Sleep Apnoea – CSA)
Obesity or excess neck fat
Smoking and alcohol consumption
Nasal congestion or anatomical abnormalities
Poor sleep hygiene and chronic stress

Symptoms to Watch For

Loud snoring and choking sounds during sleep
Daytime drowsiness or fatigue
Morning headaches
Dry mouth or sore throat upon waking
Poor concentration or memory issues
Mood swings, irritability, or depression
Insomnia or restless sleep

Treatment Options

Lifestyle Changes: Weight loss, quitting smoking, avoiding alcohol and sedatives
CPAP Therapy: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure machine to keep airways open
Oral Appliances: Devices to adjust jaw position during sleep
Surgery: In selected cases with anatomical blockages
Sleep Studies: Overnight monitoring to diagnose sleep disorders accurately
Medication: For conditions like insomnia or restless leg syndrome

Prevention & Self-Care

Maintain a healthy weight and diet
Stick to a consistent sleep schedule
Avoid caffeine and heavy meals before bedtime
Create a comfortable and quiet sleep environment
Exercise regularly
Get evaluated early if symptoms of poor sleep persist